Progress in pressureless sintering of boron carbide ceramics – a review

ABSTRACT

Boron carbide (B₄C) ceramics has many outstanding performance, such as extremely high hardness, low density, high melting point, high elastic modulus, high thermoelectromotive force, high chemical resistance, high neutron absorption cross section, high impact and excellent wear resistance. Therefore, B₄C ceramics can be used in various industrial applications, such as lightweight ceramic armour, high temperature thermocouples, neutron absorber, reactor control rods in nuclear power engineering, polishing media for hard materials, abrasive media for lapping and grinding, and wear resistant components (blasting nozzles, die tips and grinding wheels). Pressureless sintering is the method with industrialised application value for B₄C ceramics, however, it is impossible to sinter pure B₄C ceramics to high densities without additives by pressureless sintering. So sintering additives must be used to promote the densification of B₄C ceramics. The different sintering additives used to promote the densification of boron carbide will be described in this review, including carbon additives, metallic additives, oxide additives, non-oxide additives, combined additives and rare earth oxide additives. Finally, the recent research trends for sintering methods and sintering additives of B₄C ceramics will also be proposed.     

一种基于雷达图表示的数值型数据的CNN分类方法

卷积神经网络（convolutional neural networks， CNN）是一种广泛用于分析视觉图像的分类方法.由于数值数据存在着非线性、耦合性等复杂的空间关系，因此基于CNN的数值型数据的研究较少.本文的目的是找到一种可行的方法，将CNN的应用领域扩展到数值数据.于是提出了一种基于雷达图表示的数值型数据的CNN分类方法（Radar-CNN）.该算法首先将数值数据表示成雷达图形式，然后将其输入CNN中构建分类模型.为了进一步研究特征尺度和序列对性能的影响，提出了两种改进算法Rank Radar-CNN和SFS Radar-CNN.为了验证所提算法的有效性，引入TE化工过程数据集进行实验测试并比较，实验结果表明Radar-CNN及其改进算法具有优异的性能.     

基于改进飞蛾扑火优化算法的MIMO雷达相位编码信号集设计

提出一种MIMO雷达相位编码信号集设计方法，该方法对飞蛾扑火优化算法进行改进，利用改进的飞蛾扑火算法优化相位编码信号集，提高其正交性.在改进方法中，增加对火焰的更新过程，使火焰不仅能够保存最优飞蛾位置还具有搜索最优解的功能.优化过程以自相关函数旁瓣峰值和、互相关函数峰值和，以及自相关函数旁瓣能量、互相关函数能量作为算法适应度函数.仿真实验结果表明，改进方法明显提高了飞蛾扑火优化算法的收敛速度和收敛精度，且优化得到的信号集具有较低的自相关旁瓣值和互相关值.     

Extended vertical lists for temporal pattern mining from multivariate time series

In this paper, the problem of mining complex temporal patterns in the context of multivariate time series is considered. A new method called the Fast Temporal Pattern Mining with Extended Vertical Lists is introduced. The method is based on an extension of the level‐wise property, which requires a more complex pattern to start at positions within a record where all of the subpatterns of the pattern start. The approach is built around a novel data structure called the Extended Vertical List that tracks positions of the first state of the pattern inside records and links them to appropriate positions of a specific subpattern of the pattern called the prefix. Extensive computational results indicate that the new method performs significantly faster than the previous version of the algorithm for Temporal Pattern Mining; however, the increase in speed comes at the expense of increased memory usage.     

采用一维物理光学法的天线罩瞄准误差补偿

针对雷达天线罩瞄准误差的补偿问题，提出了一种适用于各向同性的天线罩瞄准误差修正方法。构建了基于一维物理光学法的天线罩瞄准误差的数学模型，推导了雷达导引头测量目标角度和角速度的误差修正公式。试验结果表明，该方法有效降低了天线罩瞄准误差对目标角速度性能的影响。     

Fluidizing effects of polymers with various anchoring groups in cement pastes and their sensitivity to environmental temperatures

We synthesized various polymers with different functional groups of ─COO⁻, ─SO₃⁻, and ≡N⁺─ to study the impact of the environmental temperature (25, 50, and 80 °C) on the dispersing capability by measuring the fluidity of fresh cement paste, total organic carbon, ζ potential, and isothermal calorimetry. The results show that no adsorption was observed for the cement pastes containing acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, and [3-(methacryloylamino)propyl] trimethyl ammonium chloride, probably because of the trace amount of adsorption, whereas the fluidity of the pastes was indeed improved by the addition of these chemicals. Generally, for the polymers containing various functional groups, the adsorption capability was in the order ─COO⁻ > ─SO₃⁻ > ≡N⁺─. The dispersing capability for the carboxylate superplasticizer was robust to the change in the temperature, whereas it was dramatically weakened by the increase in temperature for sulfonate superplasticizer, although the adsorption amount increased along with the temperature rise. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47494.     

工业硝酸铵添加剂对乳胶基质的影响

为了改善工业硝酸铵的吸湿结块性能,通常会加入添加剂(有机包覆剂或无机改性剂),而工业硝酸铵作为乳化炸药的主要原料,其添加剂对乳化炸药的制备和性能会产生影响。因此,分别对采用有机包覆剂蜡的泰国产工业硝酸铵和采用无机改性剂的俄罗斯产工业硝酸铵,开展了制备现场散装乳胶基质的工业试验。结果表明:两类工业硝酸铵均可作为乳化炸药原材料使用,但有机包覆剂会沉入水相罐底部或粘附在输送管道内壁,对水相和乳胶基质制备造成不利影响,因此需要在水相制备环节分离去除包覆剂蜡;硝酸镁、硝酸钙等无机改性剂对乳胶基质制备无影响,但生产的乳胶基质稳定性较差,通过调整乳化剂的种类和配比以及乳化器的转速可得到一定改进。     

纸基底印刷无芯片RFID湿度传感器* .txt

摘要：提出了一种基于纸基底的喷墨印刷无芯片RFID湿度传感器，通过遗传算法与射频仿真软件HFSS相结合，对常规开口环谐振器结构进行分布式加载，得到目标频率为245 GHz的谐振特性良好的传感器模型；采用DMP3000型材料打印机，在不同纸基底上喷墨印刷银墨水制作传感器，以纸张本身的吸水性实现湿度传感；研究不同纸基底对湿度传感器感湿灵敏度和恢复度的影响。结果表明，柯达相纸传感器的灵敏度最高，高湿灵敏度可达到8 MHz%RH，双铜纸湿度传感器恢复度高且恢复时间短，仅为2 min；两种基底湿度传感器皆有较好的一致性、中长期稳定性，且湿敏特性在20℃～30℃范围内受温度影响较小。对纸基湿度传感器的感湿机理进行了分析，纸主要成分纤维素表面的羟基与吸附的水分子作用形成氢键，改变了基底的介电参数，传感器的湿敏特性与纸的成分和结构有关。 .txt     

Physicochemical,textural and volatile characteristics of fermented milk co-cultured with Streptococcus thermophilus,Bifidobacterium animalis or Lactobacillus plantarum

Fermented milks were prepared with various culture combinations of Lactobacillus plantarum or Bifidobacterium animalis with Streptococcus thermophilus, and the impact of microbes combinations on acidification, proteolysis, lipolysis, texture, volatiles and sensory quality of fermented milk was investigated during 21-day storage at 4 °C. The results showed that products from the co-cultures displayed higher titratable acidity, more peptides, higher proteolytic activity and lipolysis capacity compared with that from the pure strains of S. thermophilus. When L. plantarum and B. animalis combined in a ratio of 2:1 with S. thermophilus, the products maintained relatively more viable cell counts of the 3 strains, strong proteolysis ability and lipolysis capacity during the storage. Milk fermented by co-cultures of the 3 strains exhibited higher cohesiveness, more volatiles and better sensory quality compared with these fermented by S. thermophilus only or in co-cultures with either B. animalis or L. plantarum based on principal component analysis.